Live~NRGY

Mark Root Source – http://www.plosbiology.org/

Transgenerational Propagation and Quantitative Maintenance of Paternal Centromeres Depends on Cid/Cenp-A Presence in Drosophila Sperm

http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001434;jsessionid=0318A398A0584315094FA6D5E603F901

The CENTROMERE is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centromere

In biology, and specifically genetics, EPIGENETICS is the study of heritable changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence – hence the name epi- (Greek: επί- over, above, outer) -genetics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics

NOTE – YOU CAN NOW ADD CONSCIOUS CHANGE TO THE ABOVE DEFINITION of EPIGENETICS ! Been working on it for a while now.

…”
Mechanisms
Several types of epigenetic inheritance systems may play a role in what has become known as cell memory,[16] note however that not all of these are universally accepted to be examples of epigenetics.

Because the phenotype of a cell or individual is affected by which of its genes are transcribed, heritable transcription states can give rise to epigenetic effects. There are several layers of regulation of gene expression. One way that genes are regulated is through the remodeling of chromatin. Chromatin is the complex of DNA and the histone proteins with which it associates.

Histone proteins are little spheres that DNA wraps around.

If the way that DNA is wrapped around the histones changes, gene expression can change as well. Chromatin remodeling is accomplished through two main mechanisms:

The first way is post translational modification of the amino acids that make up histone proteins. Histone proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids. If the amino acids that are in the chain are changed, the shape of the histone sphere might be modified. DNA is not completely unwound during replication. It is possible, then, that the modified histones may be carried into each new copy of the DNA. Once there, these histones may act as templates, initiating the surrounding new histones to be shaped in the new manner. By altering the shape of the histones around it, these modified histones would ensure that a differentiated cell would stay differentiated, and not convert back into being a stem cell.

The second way is the addition of methyl groups to the DNA, mostly at CpG sites, to convert cytosine to 5-methylcytosine. 5-Methylcytosine performs much like a regular cytosine, pairing up with a guanine. However, some areas of the genome are methylated more heavily than others, and highly methylated areas tend to be less transcriptionally active, through a mechanism not fully understood. Methylation of cytosines can also persist from the germ line of one of the parents into the zygote, marking the chromosome as being inherited from this parent (genetic imprinting).”….

And that my friends would go a long way to explain my hay fever allegeries as well as those to cats and dogs. Little spheres of histone are set loose. Now to learn how to control them better which I’ve been working on for the last 47 years – the kleenex tissue business is an expensive proposition – sorry boys I don’t have nuclear physics fiscal budgets to buy endless supplies of tissue. Work around is much much better.

And make a point to note that this epigenetics is important in the mechanism of Entropy which I’ll discuss at a later date. Related to my 99.9% death experience of the last 2 weeks. You’ll find the read captivating.

In the meantime I suggest people get on the thin & slim it down diets asap. Meek is the word !